Abstract: Since 2000, the global coverage of Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) has increased significantly; however, only about one-third of these areas were under effective management. As a major country rich in marine biodiversity, Indonesia's strategies for the establishment and management of its MPAs, particularly the formulation of its 2030 Vision and Roadmap, provided important references for the marine conservation globally. This study presented the current status of Indonesia's MPAs, including their types, quantity, distribution, and management effectiveness. It provided a focused analysis of the seven key work areas outlined in the 2030 Vision and Roadmap: Integrated Central and Regional Program Planning and Funding, Human Resources, Competencies and Capacity, Legal and Regulatory Frameworks, Sustainable Use in MPAs, Sustainable Financing for MPAs, Other Effective Area-Based Conservation Measures (OECMs), and MPA Communications and Outreach Platform. The paper summarized distinctive features of Indonesia's MPA management, such as innovations in funding mechanisms, enhancement of professional skills, and ecosystem-based fisheries management. It also identified challenges faced by Indonesia in areas including MPA management effectiveness, policy coordination, balanced regional development, and the application of OECMs. Drawing on Indonesia's experiences and challenges, the paper proposed a series of insights aimed at promoting the development of China's own MPA planning, improving the effectiveness of marine conservation management, accelerating the establishment of a localized OECMs system, and strengthening international collaboration on MPA to achieve their sustainable development.