Abstract: Natural protected areas account for about 1/5 of the land in our country and play a key role in construction of ecological civilization. However, conflict between people and land in these areas makes it difficult to carry out highly effective management due to the complicated land ownership, shortage of funds and scientific research. Based on the analysis of the problem of man land constraint faced by nature reserves in China and its causes, this study suggests the conservation easement (CE) system based on itemized conservation requirements maybe useful . We analyzed the differences between conservation easement and the land expropriation or land lease that are traditional ways to solve the constraint, introduced the practice case of CE system in National Park pilots, and suggested the problems faced in the construction of the CE system and the construction mode under the current legal system. In the CE system, itemized conservation requirements reflects the most strict protection of natural ecosystem. The consistence spectrum of protection, the diversity of the grantee and the diversity of easement compensation funding sources in easement contracts reflect the role of social forces such as indigenous people and non-governmental organizations (NGO) in the collaboration, co-governance and sharing of protected area management. However, it should be accepted by national park act which is legislating can play the indispensable role of transforming conflict between people and land to harmonious co-existence between human and nature.